The Biting Midge (Culicoides spp.) is gray to tan; nearly invisible to the naked eye and typically measures 1/32–⅛ inch. Biting midges (Culicoides spp.), commonly called no-see-ums, punkies, or sand flies, are among the most intensely irritating biting insects in Arizona despite their tiny size — most species are barely.

The Biting Midge poses a moderate risk. Intensely itchy, burning bites. Potential for severe allergic reactions. Transmit bluetongue virus and EHD in livestock. Significant nuisance near water sources.

In Arizona, biting midges are most often encountered in the following situations: Intensely itchy bites with no visible insect. Burning, swelling welts at bite sites. Biting activity at dawn and dusk near water. Livestock showing signs of bluetongue or EHD.

The Biting Midge is most active during: Year-round in warm areas; peak spring through fall near water. Arizona's warm desert climate can extend activity periods compared to other states, so year-round vigilance is recommended in the Phoenix metro and surrounding areas.

Use DEET-based repellents — higher concentrations are more effective. Wear tightly woven clothing. Install fine-mesh screens (no-see-um screens). Avoid outdoor activity at dawn and dusk near water. Fans create air movement that deters these weak fliers.

DEET repellents are the primary defense. Permethrin-treated clothing for extended outdoor exposure. Antihistamines and topical corticosteroids for bite reactions. Larvicide treatments in standing water on private property.

Most fly species are drawn to food sources, moisture, organic waste, and breeding sites. For Biting Midges specifically: Intensely itchy bites with no visible insect. Burning, swelling welts at bite sites. Biting activity at dawn and dusk near water. Livestock showing signs of bluetongue or EHD.. Eliminating attractants is the first step — Pest Control Bros can identify the source and recommend targeted control.